本文是站在「連續性」的建築歷史或是環境變遷史的角度，以目前仍保有日治時期規劃特徵的花蓮三大日本移民村為例之探討論文。若要使台灣的建築史這門學問得以成立，了解日治時期的建築生活環境，並且分析戰後臺灣人進住後，如何增建、改建，甚至對居住異文化的調適與衝擊等的課題是必須的。本文就是要討論這一連串課題的先期作業，亦即討花蓮日本移民村規劃與農宅建築為踏腳石的作品。 　　經過本文重新分ㄒ與台灣殖民政策友直接相關的東鄉實之著書，可以明確的指出其日本移民政策並無「同化台灣人」的初始目的，而是位了達成「建設健全的純粹日本村；扶植日本民族的純粹國民性；以備台灣島民的民族自覺」之目標。 　　移民村的規劃設計工作直接由總督府內的移民課調查係負責，當時採用學自西洋的計畫手法，又擔憂臺灣當地的社會治安實情，規劃、設計了住宅地集中，農耕地分布在外圍的棋盤式移民村。建築方面採取了日式農宅最根本原型建築形式，其宅地週遭的土地使用，完全符合日式建築的特徵，尤其是農民日常生活與農事作業上不可或缺的「土間」，佔花蓮移民農宅面積的42％很高的比例。 　　經由調查係的規劃，適合農耕的農地，以土地分割的區劃型態，經過了昭和時期、戰後的50年歲月，行至今日上能保留其規劃的成果。到了戰後，這些結果被臺灣人農民所繼承。至於日式的農宅建築，因興建之初，為節省經費，除了小學校試用瓦頂木造建築以外，都是白石灰強與茅草頂。這些建築到了戰後，因為文化與習慣不同的臺灣人進住，住宅內部空間以及建築的建材、平面空間都一一受到轉變或被加以繼承。若能將這些轉畫轉用的過程與現象加以檢討，則應可達到探討臺灣居民如何的接受外來文化及其方法之目的。

After investigating Japanese and Taiwanese residential district on the immigrant village, which located in Hua Lian and was planned by the Government-General of Taiwan directly during colonized period, we understand that the segregate policy on physical environment planning has been taken before World War II in Taiwan. Although like this segregate policy was not found on the west Taiwan until nowadays. While the Government-General of Taiwan carrying forward that immigrant village plan, the techniques and theories of western physical environment planning was used, this meaning that the villages were planned by grid pattern. Besides, they were afraid of the threat of aborigines' attack. For defense reason, the settlers were planted in some certain concentrated tribes, and these tribes were surrounded by outside agricultural land, which was divided by bigger grid pattern. And the farmhouses in the immigrant villages were designed as the smallest prototype of Japanese farm building's plan. Inside the farmhouses, these farmhouse owned large percentage "mud floor" than townhouse owned. Owning large percentage "mud floor" of inside space of farm building was a special characteristic to Japanese farmhouse.

建築史;農村規劃;移民村;日治時期;分離居住;日式農宅

the history of architecture; the planning of rural village; immigrant village; Japanese colonization period; segregation of settlement; Japanese farmer house