本文探討傳世宋代史料中的兩種週期樣態的形成。本文論證，此類樣態的形成除緣自宋代政治文化之爭，也導因於其後記載與詮釋這些爭鬥的史家強加了道德價值。本文首先回顧見於《易經》之中國特有的週期概念，繼而分析強加道德性週期於歷史事件的三個例子，分別來自類書學家林駉，道學倡導者黃震，最後是編纂《宋史》的元代史臣。本文的第二部分，析論見於《宋會要輯稿》的逐年資料量及其週期波動模式。本文揭示，這些波動模式是《會要》的生產過程受政治衝突影響的結果。本文最後指出，道德週期與逐年資料量之波動週期兩者相互關聯，這兩種週期的相互關係深刻影響傳世宋代史料的總體輪廓─資料數量與內容皆然。將這些史料運用到現代史學研究以前，理解這些影響是至關緊要的一步。

This article explores two types of cyclical patterning in the surviving sources for Song dynasty history. I argue that this patterning results from struggles within Song political culture and from the imposition of moral values by the historians who later chronicled and interpreted those struggles. After a review of the distinctively Chinese concept of cyclicality as contained in the Yijing, I analyze three examples of moral cyclicality imposed on historical events by the encyclopedist Lin Jiong, by the daoxue advocate Huang Zhen, and, lastly, by the Yuan historians of the Song History. The second part of this article analyzes the surviving patterns of cyclical fluctuation in the depth of chronological coverage in the Song huiyao jigao. It demonstrates that these patterns resulted from the influence of political conflict on the compilation of the Song genre of official historiography known as the huiyao. The article concludes by suggesting that these two types of cyclicality are interrelated, and that this interrelationship has profoundly influenced the contour (both in coverage and content) of the surviving corpus of sources for Song history. Understanding these influences is a vital prelude to utilizing those sources for modern historical research.

宋代 一手資料; 週期 《宋會要輯稿》; 黃震

Song dynasty; primary sources; cyclicality;Song huiyao jigao; Huang Zhen