柯立芝(Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1772-1834)是英國浪漫主義的代表人 物，他除了是著名詩人外，終生關心政治與宗教問題，留有大量政治 與時事評論文章。柯立芝思想複雜，無論當時人或後世史家都嘗試、 卻又難以明確定位他是「激進」、「自由」或是「保守」，因而不斷被 歸類或被視為某派系的叛徒。本文透過柯立芝的信仰變化研究其改革 思想，考察各類型作品、書信和筆記，以及他與同時代人與事件的互 動，將其思想放回到十八世紀末至十九世紀初的脈絡中，重構柯立芝 基督信仰體系下的宏大政治觀，更細緻說明其論述中宗教對於政治思 想的效力，以及隨著柯立芝與外在環境互動而變化過程中，他對於如 何實踐啟蒙思想有何新看法。本文將指出柯立芝思想的現代性和合理 性；他回應了世俗政治變革的問題與工商業社會的信仰危機，並且試 圖在基督教體系下，落實社會責任與政治行動。最後，本文欲強調， 這樣思想里路並非柯立芝「變節」、排斥改革或背叛自由，而是不認 同群眾政治和世俗化的政體。

Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) was one of the major figures of British Romanticism. Celebrated for his poetry, he was also renowned as an important political and religious critic and thinker. Coleridge's complex thoughts have befuddled contemporaries and subsequent historians, who have disagreed about whether he should be categorized as a “radical,” “liberal,” or “conservative.” As a result, different factions have regarded him as a traitor to their cause. This article investigates Coleridge's ideas of political reform through the lens of his shifting Christian beliefs. It further examines how Coleridge understood the relationship between religion and political thought. Moreover, it analyzes how he interpreted ideas of liberty and political reform, as well as the ways in which he put Enlightenment thinking into practice from the late eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. Therefore, this article highlights the modernity and rationality that pervaded Coleridge's ideas. It demonstrates how Coleridge confronted the challenges of political reform and the secularization of Enlightenment ideals in the rapidly industrializing and commercializing society at the turn of the century. Further, he attempted to implement social responsibility and political action within a Christian framework. Finally, this article emphasizes that Coleridge's ideological shifts neither entail a rejection of reform nor do they signify a betrayal of freedom. Rather, they reflect his disagreement with popular politics and the secularization of political institutions.

柯立芝;浪漫詩人;啟蒙運動;法國大革命;基督信仰;改革;自 由;愛德蒙・柏克

Samuel Taylor Coleridge, the Romantic poets, the Enlightenment; the French Revolution; Christianity; reform; liberty; Edmund Burke