華僑遍佈世界各國，在近代中國革命運動中扮演著極重要的角色。孫中山對華僑有極高評價，尤其是南洋（東南亞）華僑，長期支持孫中山革命，進而使得中國革命成功。

南洋華僑多來自中國的廣東、福建，其中有不少客家華僑參加中國革命運動，本文採歷史研究途徑與政治學研究途徑，旨在探討南洋檳榔嶼與「三二九廣州之役」的關係，及其在孫中山所領導的中國革命運動中之重要性，並深入解析孫中山與南洋檳榔嶼的客家華僑之關係。

孫中山在檳榔嶼設革命指揮中心並召開「庇能會議」，與南洋華僑革命志士有相當密切之關係，而「客家因素」可視為檳榔嶼之所以成為「中國革命策源地」的重要關鍵因素之一。

Overseas Chinese can be found all over the world. They played a very important role in modern Chinese revolutionary movement. Sun Yat-sen has extremely high appraisal to the overseas Chinese, especially for the overseas Chinese in Nanyang (Southeast Asia). Overseas Chinese were playing a very important and critical role when Sun Yat-sen conducted the revolutionary movement in China. They provided money, manpower and the ideas as well. They supported Sun Yat-sen`s revolution for a long time and then made a successful revolution in China.This study has two purposes: one is to investigate the relationship between Penang and the "329 Battle of Guangzhou", and the importance of Penang in Chinese revolutionary movement led by Sun Yat-sen. The other is to resolve the relationship between Hakka Chinese in Nanyang Penang and "329 Battle of Guangzhou" launched by Sun Yat-sen. The questions for researching are as follows: Was there any relationship between Nanyang Chinese, who took “Penang”as their stronghold, and "329 Battle of Guangzhou" launched by Sun Yat-sen in 1911. What was the important role of Nanyang Chinese in the Chinese revolutionary movement led by Sun Yat-sen? What was the relationship between Sun Yat-sen and Hakka Chinese in Nanyang Penang ? Why the two brothers Yi-Chiao Hsieh and Liang-Mu Hsieh could play an important and critical role in Sun Yat-sen and Nanyang Chinese? The historical research approach and the political science research approach were adopted in this study. It was analyzed profoundly in the relationship between Sun Yat-sen and Hakka Chinese in Nanyang Penang.Sun Yat-sen set up the revolution command center in Penang and held a "Penang Conference” there. For the reason, Sun Yat-sen had very close relationship with the Nanyang Chinese revolutionaries. It had strong correlation with Sun Yat-Sen’s revolutionary partners--the two brothers,Yi-Chiao Hsieh and Liang-mu Hsieh , who had the "Hakka Factor" special relationship in Penang. "Hakka factor" could be regarded as one of the key factors that Penang could become the "hotbed of the Chinese revolution"

中國革命;孫中山;客家;南洋檳榔嶼（庇能）;三二九廣州之役

Chinese revolutionary; Sun Yat-sen; Hakka; Southeast Asia Chinese; 329 Battle of Guangzhou