日本早在19世紀末葉就已經誕生了大亞細亞主義，然此論述雖以團結亞洲各民族為號召，實則為掩護日本掌握亞洲霸權的論述。孫中山於1924年提出的「大亞洲主義」，便是與日本的大亞細亞主義對話，勇於指摘日本的帝國主義行徑，並提供亞洲弱小民族解放的大同理想，因此獲得當時殖民地台灣社會的熱烈支持。日本大亞細亞主義的發展在一戰期間、1924年《排日移民法》通過以及1933年日本退出國際聯盟等三個時間點，有過三次的高峰期。除了第一次高峰期台人來不及參與，之後台人每每試圖與大亞細亞主義對話，甚至對抗。大亞細亞主義推動了日本帝國掌握亞洲霸權的野心，卻也同時激發了台人追求民族平等地位的渴望，因此從1924年起，台人總在大亞細亞主義的論述矛盾中，援引孫中山「大亞洲主義」的思想鼓吹台灣民族所應獲得的平等地位。然而，隨著時局日趨嚴峻，「大亞洲主義」的合法性也漸次衰微，到了1937年日本大行「大東亞共榮圈」之道，台灣社會已無孫中山「大亞洲主義」能夠滋長的空間了。

As early as the late 19th century, Japan had developed a Pan-Asianist discourse. However, Japanese visions of a union of Asian nations implicitly endorsed Japan`s hegemony over Asia. In 1924, the Pan-Asianist vision outlined by Dr. Sun Yat-sen represented a critical alternative to Japanese Pan-Asianism and a challenge to Japanese imperialism in the region. Dr. Sun`s ideal of emanacipation for national minorities found support in Taiwan, which was still under Japanese colonial rule. Japan experienced three waves of interest in Pan-Asianism which coincided with the First World War, America`s passage of anti-Asian immigration legislation in 1924, and Japan`s withdrawal from the League of Nations in 1933. While Taiwanese did not participate in the first wave, beginning in 1924 they attempted to discuss and even to oppose Japan`s imperialist version of Pan-Asianism. While Pan-Asianism was used by Japan to promote Tokyo`s imperialist ambitions, it also galvanized Taiwan`s pursuit of national equality. As they engaged with the Japanese Pan-Asianist discourse, Taiwanese referenced Dr. Sun`s Pan-Asian thought to advance their pursuit of national equality. However, as the world lurched again toward war, Dr. Sun`s idealistic Pan-Asianism lost its appeal. By 1937, when Japan began forcibly implementing its imperialist plan to create a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, Dr. Sun`s alternative Pan-Asian vision no longer provided a source of resistance for Taiwanese society.

孫中山;「大亞洲主義」;排日移民法;大亞細亞主義;殖民地台灣

Sun Yat-sen; Pan-Asianism; Immigration Act of 1924; Colonial Taiwan