本文運用兩本十七世紀西班牙史料來探討明鄭時期日本、臺灣、 中國及菲律賓間金屬的流通及其市場需求，其結論有以下三點：（一） 明鄭時期從日本或臺灣或中國東南沿海外銷至菲律賓的金屬皆以鐵為大 宗，其他金屬如銅、鉛等輸往菲律賓的很少，此乃因鐵是造船材料，所 以菲律賓對鐵的需求高過其他金屬；（二）鐵和銅大多源自日本，運到 臺灣或中國後再轉賣到馬尼拉。然臺灣也有極為少數的粗鐵是從中國運 到臺灣再轉售到馬尼拉，或多從中國直接銷售至馬尼拉。從金屬的貿易 可見臺灣對日本的貿易依存度極高；（三）鐵、銅、鉛的流通遍及日 本、中國、臺灣、菲律賓。而市場上對日本鐵的需求最高，尤其在鄭 經、鄭克塽時期的大員市場極受歡迎。但閩廣地區運往菲律賓的日本鐵 以1665年以前居多，1665年以後則被中國本地的鐵所取代。

The information we present in this paper has been extracted from two volumes of Spanish sources from the 17th century. We analyze metal circulation and market demand in Japan, Taiwan, China and the Philippines. These are our conclusions: (1) In the Ming-Zheng Period iron was the most widely exported metal from Japan, Taiwan and the Southeast coast of China to the Philippines. Other metals, such as bronze or lead were scarcely exported. The reason was that iron, being the raw material used for building vessels, was more needed by the Philippines than any other metal. (2) Most iron and bronze imported in Manila came originally from Japan and were traded via Taiwan or China. However, a small amount of crude iron was either directly exported from China to Manila or indirectly exported from China to Manila via Taiwan. As far as metal commerce is concerned, Taiwan was very much dependent on Japan. (3) The circulation of metals such as iron, bronze or lead spread over Japan, Taiwan, China and the Philippines. Japanese iron was in greater demand in the market, especially in Tayouan in the Zheng Ching period and Zheng Ke-Shuang period. As far as the iron imported in the Philippines is concerned, whereas by 1665 there was greater demand for Japanese iron transported from the Fujian and Guangdong areas, after that year Chinese iron began to be preferred.

明鄭；金屬；市場需求；貿易；臺灣；菲律賓

Ming-Zheng；Metal；Market Demand；Trade；Taiwan； the Philippines