過去探討臺中縣和平鄉坡地災害人為因素的相關研究中，多將重點 放在探討德基水庫集水區的坡地災害和農業開發之間的關係。然而，臺 中縣和平鄉除了具有農業墾殖的歷史背景外，林業也是當地早期重要的 人為開發活動之一。本研究企圖透過文獻史料的蒐集與聯勤地形圖的使 用，探究臺中縣和平鄉坡地災害發生地點與林業變遷因素的時空特性， 進而瞭解人為林業開發活動的影響，並探究其與坡地災害之間的可能相 關。 研究成果顯示：無論是以崩塌地和無立木地為指標，或增加草生地 為指標的坡地災害中心，均有從谷關向大甲溪上游地區轉移的趨勢。此 一轉移趨勢，似與大甲溪上游流域的林業發展高度相關。民國40年代末 至50年代初，臺中地區林業發展以大雪山示範林區為主，伐木量與造林 量均多。但民國50年代中葉以後，橫貫公路森林開發處以「林地無廢 棄」為目標，使大甲溪林區逐漸取代大雪山林區，而成為林業的重心。 不僅每年採伐的材積量不斷增加，林道附近伐採後的無立木地，則提供 果園與旱地轉作的空地。林業重心的轉移和坡地災害中心的分佈具有一 定的時空相關性。

Past relative researches in He–ping town, Taichung Country often focus on the issue to investigate the relations between slope hazards and agriculture development. However, except the agriculture activity, forest development is also another important human activity. These researches intend to use documents and maps of combined logistics command, and explore the spatial–tempo characteristic of hazard place and forest change. Furthermore, investigate the possible relations between forest development and slope hazard. The result shows what indexes to use for representing the slope hazards by landslide and no–wood land or by grassland, landslide and no–wood land. The trend of slope hazards moves from Ku–Kuan in eastward to the upstream area of Da–jia River in westward. It shows that there is high relation between slope hazards and forest development. From the end of 1940’s to the beginning of 1950’s, Mt. Dasyue Forest Management Zone is the core center of forest development in Taichung. Nevertheless, after the middle of 1950’s, Forest Development Bureau of Veterans Affairs Commission uses the goal of forest without junks. The Da–Jia Management Zone gradually substitutes for Mt. Dasyue Forest Management Zone, and becomes the core center of forest mangement. The no–wood land that results from forest management not only continuously increases the quantity of woods, but also supplies the vacancy to transform to orchards and unirrigated farmlands. As a result, the transformation of forest development and slope hazards has certain spatial–tempo relations.

林業發展；自然坡地災害；人為活動；標準化趨勢橢圓

forest development；slope hazards；Human activity； Standard Deviational Ellipse