台灣海島的地緣與地理條件，對外航運一向發達，海洋史研究是台 灣史重要的範疇，海洋史主要包含海岸海洋、海洋生業、海洋貿易、港 口港市、船舶航具、航海技術、海洋政策、海權海軍、海外移民、海外 關係、海洋思想文化等。海難是海洋交通偶有發生的災難意外，海難事 件牽涉關係複雜，也是值得探究的海洋史課題。本文探討日治初期1895 至1912年間台灣的海難事件，依據1908年至1912年間的連續統計，平均 每年發生116次海難。導致船難的主要有風浪襲擊導致船隻破損以至沉 沒，或是海岸地形導致船隻坐礁擱淺，也有人為疏失而發生船隻碰撞或 軍艦彈藥爆炸。另外該時期中國沿海時有海盜出沒，其掠奪行為不只造 成人員、貨物財產損失，船隻也有遭受破壞的船難。台灣總督府為了防 止海難，建立嚴謹的船籍管理制度、調查海岸港口地理狀況、設置燈塔 及港口浮標、加強船隻配備救生器材、制定周詳的救難規則等，代表殖 民政府的海事管理、海難救護有比較制度性的對策與作為。

Island Taiwan makes its marine transportation prosperous. Marine history is an important category of Taiwan history studies. Marine history studies include ocean, trade, harbour, ship, ocean policy, sea power, foreign relations, ocean culture etc. This article focused on exploring the marine perils and wrecks in early Japanese colonial Taiwan (1895–1912).By the ship wreck reports from Taiwan Nichi Nichi Sin Po we can find the weather and ocean conditions usually led to marine perils. Sometimes according to neglect made wreck a fatal disaster. During that times there were many pirates on the Fukien and Taiwan strait oceanfront. Their plunder made the loss of human lives, cargos and properties. Taiwan Sotofuku government conducted many measures to prevent marine perils such as ship register management, coast and harbor investigation, lighthouses, lifesaving appliance, rescue ordination etc. This paper is the preliminary research and can make more intensive marine perils studies in the future.

海洋史；船難；坐礁；海盜；燈塔；海難救護

Marine history；Marine perils；Deadlock；Pirates, Lighthouses；Rescue ordination