寶順洋行在清代北臺灣的貿易史上佔有舉足輕重的角色，尤其在推 廣臺灣烏龍茶進入世界市場方面。沒有它的推廣發展，臺灣茶業的興盛 可能還要延遲很多年。而且，正當臺灣米、糖這兩項產業面臨南洋米與 四川糖的廉價競爭危機時，寶順洋行適時扮演起將臺灣產業轉型的重要 角色，使過去以大陸為主要出口對象的米糖主體貿易體系，轉型成為以 世界為市場的茶與樟腦的貿易體系，經濟發展型態更上一層樓。結果不 僅解決了臺灣的經濟危機，穩定了就業市場，緩和了人口壓力，而且有 能力供養大量的茶業工人，支付較高的工資，使臺灣成為清帝國境內最 富裕的省分之一。 然而，儘管寶順洋行對臺灣經濟的發展如此重要，相關的專門研 究迄今未見，成為臺灣貿易史研究的「失去環節」（missing link）。本 文即以寶順與怡和之間的商業書信往來為依據，呈現寶順洋行的興起與 發展脈絡，填補此一空缺。至於本文史料，主要直接取材自怡和洋行檔 （Jardine Matheson & Co.’s Archives）的商業書信，此乃迄今尚未被使 用的一手珍貴史料，對於重建寶順洋行發展史當有幫助。 本文對寶順洋行研究的新發現主要有四點：一、寶順洋行之興起 與在台設行時間。二、寶順洋行與美商建立茶業貿易關係的確實年代。 三、各類商品市場行情、價格漲跌的大致情形。四、寶順與美利士及與 其他幾家有名洋行關係的演變，尤其是它躍升為怡和在北台唯一代理商 的因緣。時間斷限上大致是從1867年寶順洋行開始設立，到1870年後寶 順成為怡和在北台的唯一代理行。

Dodd & Co. played an important role in the trading history of Northern Taiwan in the second half of the 19th century, especially in exporting the Formosan Oolong Tea to the world market. Without its endeavor, the rise of Formosan Tea industry would be delayed for many years. When Taiwan faced a strong competition of low- priced Southeast Asian rice and Sichuan sugar, it rose to transform Taiwan’ s economy from originally rice-sugar industry for the Chinese market into the tea-camphor industry for the world market. Consequently, Dodd & Co. not only solved Taiwan’s economic problem by stabilizing Taiwan’s job markets, but also relieved population pressure in the island, feeding a large number of tea workers, paying higher, and making Taiwan one of the richest provinces in the Qing Empire. Although Dodd & Co. was so important in the development of Taiwan’s economy, there has been hardly any academic research relating to it, which is a missing link in the trading history of Taiwan. This paper is intended to investigate the origin and development of Dodd & Co. through the correspondences between Dodd & Co. and Jardine Matheson & Co. in Jardine Matheson & Co.’s Archives, the precious material hardly used in the past. This article mainly deals with the rise of Dodd & Co. between 1867—1870, investigating the time and ways of its establishment and transformation into the only agent of Jardine Matheson & Co. in Northern Taiwan. Four main issues are to be discussed: 1. The rise of Dodd & Co. and the correct time of its establishment in Taiwan. 2. The precise time of the beginning of connections between Dodd & Co. and its American partners in tea trade. 3. The market of various commodities which Dodd & Co. was trading. 4. The relationship between Dodd & Co. and Milisch & Co. and the other famous companies, focusing on the reasons for why Dodd & Co. became the only agent of Jardine Matheson & Co. in northern Taiwan.

陶德；寶順洋行；怡和洋行；美利士洋行；顛地洋行；德記洋行；水陸洋行；James W. Davidson； 鴉片；茶；物物交換體系

John Dodd；Dodd & Co.； Messrs Jardine Matheson & Co；Milisch & Co.；Dent & Co.；Tait & Co.；Brown & Co.；James W. Davidson；Opium；barter system