鴉片戰爭以前，清代臺灣的水師防務主要分成三大防線，戰船制敵 於外洋，砲臺殲敵於沿岸，陸上水師及陸師，則防堵敵人於岸上。這樣 的海防機制實施近二百年尚稱穩固。但在面對敵人不同的情況之下，即 必須改變原有之防務，因時制宜。 本文主要是以鴉片戰爭做為一轉捩點，來看清代臺灣海防的轉變過 程。清廷如何運用現有資源，對海防布署進行規劃，在面對英國勢力入 侵之後，又如何改變原有防務，重新整建。

The navy of Taiwan was separated into three major lines of defenses in Qing Dynasty before the Opium War. Warships guarded the outer sea area; batteries guarded the coast area; while the soldiers of both navy and army averted the enemy on the shore. This maritime defense system implemented for nearly two hundred years was passable stable. However, changes of original navy defenses were required so as to suit the situation while facing various enemies. This article took the Opium War as a turning point to review the transformation of the navy of Taiwan in Qing Dynasty. How the Qing Dynasty made use of original resources to plan and dispose the maritime defense will be reviewed. And how the Qing Dynasty change and rebuild their original defense after the invasion of British influences after the Opium War will be reviewed as well.

清代；臺灣；水師；鴉片戰爭；綠營

Qing Dynasty；Taiwan；Navy；The Opium War； Green standard Army