本研究旨在探討不同的親子衝突事件中，國小低年級親子使用不同反應方式的情況及其關 係。以三十四對國小低年級孩童（平均年齡 7.83 歲）與父母親為研究對象，利用觀察法蒐 集資料：請父母親用錄音機錄下四個時段共兩個小時的親子互動。所得的資料以編碼的方式 分析出衝突領域（道德慣例、學業成就、安全、個人）和親子的反應方式。本研究的主要發 現如下：一、在四個領域中，出現頻率第一和第二高的家長反應均為要求和引導。二、在四 個領域中，出現頻率第一和第二高的孩童反應均為拒絕和爭論。三、在學業成就與安全領域 裡，家長的壓制反應和孩童的抗爭反應有正相關；在道德慣例領域中，家長的壓制反應和孩 童的爭論反應有負相關；在個人領域中，家長的壓制反應與孩童的拒絕反應有負相關。因此 在面對親子衝突時，要特別注意在不同領域中，父母親使用壓制反應所代表的意涵和其所帶 來的不同影響。

This study investigated how lower grade elementary school children and their parents respond differentially in different types (domains) of parent-child conflicts. The participants were 34 lower grade elementary school children (average age of 7.83) and their parents. An observation method was used: the parents were asked to record four different sessions of parent-child interaction using a voice recorder for a total duration of two hours. The acquired information was coded and analyzed in terms of conflict domains and response types. The findings were as follows: (1) In all four domains, the first and second most frequent parents’responses were the demanding and inductive response. (2) In all four domains, the first and second most frequent r e s p o n s e s i n c h i l d r e n w e r e t h e r e j e c t i n g a n d a r g u m e n t a t i v e r e s p o n s e s . ( 3 ) I n t h e a c h i e v e m e n t a n d p r u d e n t i a (l T o authors: safety?)domain, a positive correlation was found between parents’power assertion and children’s fighting response; in the moral-convention domain, a negative correlation was found between parents’power assertion and children’s argumentative response; in the personal domain, a negative correlation was found between parents’power assertion and children’s rejecting response. This study suggests that, in parent-child conflicts, special attention must be paid to the different meanings and effects of parental power assertion in different domains. 

父母親的衝突反應;社會領域理論;孩童的衝突反應;親子衝突

children’s conflict response; parental conflict response; parent-child conflict; social domain theory