本研究旨在探討父母管教方式與兒童非理性信念、A 型行為組型之關係。由於國內尚欠缺適 合評量兒童非理性信念之工具，研究者乃依研究需要，參考理性─情緒─行為治療（Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, REBT）創始人 Ellis 之相關著作、國內外理性─情緒─行為治療之 相關文獻及實徵研究，編製「兒童生活信念量表」。本研究使用問卷調查法，以國小四年級及 六年級兒童為對象，依縣市人口比例進行分層抽樣共取得 794 份有效問卷進行分析。研究結 果發現：（一）不同父母管教方式的兒童在非理性信念傾向上有所不同，其中以母親影響較顯 著 ;（二）在「忽視冷漠」父母管教方式下的兒童，其 A 型行為之「努力競爭與成就」得分最 低；（三）兒童非理性信念與 A 型行為中的「時間緊迫感」及「攻擊性與敵意」有顯著正相 關，而其「努力競爭與成就」傾向則與「逃避困難」有顯著負相關；（四）兒童非理性信念中 的「不當情緒」對於其「時間緊迫感」及「攻擊性與敵意」有最高預測力；而兒童之「父親 反應」則對其「努力競爭與成就」有最高之預測力。本研究依據研究之發現，對兒童親職教 育、輔導工作與未來研究上提出具體建議。

The purpose of this research was to examine the correlation between different parenting styles, irrational beliefs and Type A behavior pattern. Due to a lack of suitable research measures in this country in assessing children’s irrational beliefs, we consulted the works of Albert Ellis’Rational-Emotive-Behavioral Therapy (REBT ) and other literature both domestic and aboard and developed a Scale of Irrational Beliefs. Fourth and sixth graders were surveyed using the Parenting Style and Degree of Satisfaction Scale, the Child Life Beliefs Scale and the Child Type A Behavior Scale. Based on valid data from 794 participants, the important findings were as follows: (a) Children with different maternal parenting styles and paternal parenting styles had different irrational beliefs, with the mothers influence being stronger; (b) Children with neglectful parenting style scored lowest on the item of Diligent Competition and Achievement; (c) Children’s irrational beliefs had positive correlation with their Time Sense of Urgency and Aggressiveness and Hostility in Type A behavior pattern; Diligent Competition and Achievement in Type A behavior pattern had negative correlation with Avoids Difficulty in irrational beliefs; (d) Mood Disorders in irrational belief was most predictive of Time Sense of Urgency and Aggressiveness and Hostility in Type A behavior pattern; Father Response in parenting style was most predictive of Diligent Competition and Achievement in Type A behavior pattern. These research results may be useful to future studies on parenting education and children’s counseling. 

父母管教方式;兒童非理性信念;A 型行為組型

parenting styles; irrational beliefs; Type A behavior pattern