謝娥（1918–1995）被視為戰後初期臺灣婦女界的領導者，她在日 治時期因參與反日行動而入獄兩年，戰爭結束後在臺北太平町開業行 醫。懸壺濟世之餘，對於婦女問題頗為關心，與志同道合之婦女先後組 織臺北市婦女會與臺灣省婦女會。 由謝娥領導創立的臺北市婦女會與臺灣省婦女會至今已超過60年， 尤其臺灣省婦女會為臺灣頗具規模的婦女團體，但是身為創會人的謝娥 卻也因離臺在美定居，而使其成為被遺忘的角色。本文即以檔案、口述 歷史、報刊及其他相關資料，探討謝娥如何組織臺灣省婦女會，並探討 其在理事長任內的具體措施。 根據本文研究結果，謝娥雖然是在中國國民黨臺灣省黨部的支持 以及該黨中央婦女運動委員會的指導下成立臺灣省婦女會，不過，由於 臺灣省婦女會的性質屬於人民團體，採由下而上的選舉方式組成理監事 會推動會務，自然有其獨立的運作模式。謝娥在理事長任內，不但積極 爭取財產與經費，使婦女會之業務不至於因經費不足而停頓，並且以提 高婦女人格權、教育權、工作權與參政權為目標，透過婦女會的會務運 作，實現她對於婦女運動的理想，積極推動宣傳婦運、廢除娼妓、開辦 婦女補習教育、協助婦女爭取職業、爭取保障名額、鼓勵婦女參政、改 良婦女生活與習慣、關懷婦女健康與衛生等工作，更藉著舉辦社會公益 活動的機會，使婦女在爭取自身權益之餘，也能將視角擴展到社會大 眾。雖然謝娥在婦女會理事長任期未滿之前即離開臺灣，不過，她爭取 而來的財產與經費以及所倡導的理念與實務工作，的確為臺灣省婦女會 奠定了良好的基礎。

Hsieh Er (1918-1995) is considered the leader of Taiwan women community in the early post-war. Because of joining the anti-Japanese movement, she was sent to the jail for two years. After the war, she became Medical practitioners in Taiping Ting in Taipei city. Besides caring the patients, she was also concerned about the women issues. She organized the Taipei Women’s Association and Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association with some other women friends who had the same ideal. Until now, the above-mentioned two organizations have had more than 60 years’ history, especially the Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association, now is a large-scale women club in Taiwan. But as the founder of the Association, Hsieh Er became a forgotten role because she left Taiwan and settled in the United States. In this article, we will investigate how Hsieh Er organized the Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association and what she done when she was the chairman of the Association by files, oral histories, newspapers and other information. According to the result of this paper, although when Hsieh Er founded the Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association, she was supported by the Kuomintang’s Taiwan headquarters and also guided by Kuomintang’s Women Department, but because the Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association is a people’s organization, it had its own operation mode and was independent, it hold its own elections to have their Supervisory Committee to lead them When Hsieh Er as the chairman of the Association, she actively sought for funding and property, to make sure that the Association won’t be inactive by lacking money. Hsieh Er also made sure the targets of the Association to improve the women’s moral rights, education rights, work rights and suffrage rights. She practiced her ideal of women movement by pushing the activities of the Association. She worked positive to propaganda the women movement, abolish the prostitute, start the remedial education programs for women, assist the women to get work, fight for quotas for women, encourage women's political participation, improve the life and customs of women, and care about the health and health care of women. And through the opportunity to organize social service activities, Hsieh Er made the women boarded their vision to the other people in the society while fighting for their rights. Although Hsieh Er left Taiwan when she was in her period as the chairman of the Association, but the funding and properties she sought for and the ideas and practice of work make a very good foundation of the Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association.

謝娥、臺北市婦女會、臺灣省婦女會、婦女運動

Hsieh Er, Taipei Women’s Association, Taiwan Provincial Women’s Association, Women’s Movement