長期以來，日治時期臺灣史的研究普遍認為，日本作為後進資本 主義國乃在未充分準備的情形下殖民統治臺灣，因此大多數研究者思考 的是：在既無殖民經驗且本國資本主義尚未完成的前提下，日本殖民政 府如何去制定殖民政策，並實施各項措施。本文選擇在日本明治維新過 程扮演關鍵角色的鐵道交通作為研究對象，企圖探討1895年以前日本本 國已然成熟的民營鐵道發展政策、管理經驗與資本力量是否對其殖民地 鐵道鋪設產生影響?透過本文的討論可知，日本領有臺灣後乃沿襲明治 維新期本國鐵道交通發展模式，在官方強力監督與保護之下，由民間資 本完成臺灣鐵道鋪設。另外，明治維新以來便被日本政府視為鐵道交通 最終理想的「鐵道國有」政策，在鋪設殖民地鐵道時同樣成為考量的重 點，乃至於後藤新平將縱貫鐵道收歸官營也可置於此一脈絡之中來加以 審視。

In the past, We argued that Japan as a late developed Capitalist State was colonied Taiwan in very much unprepared. Thus We discussed how did the Japanese government rule Taiwan under the premise that not only no experience of ruling colony but also didn’t become a Capitalist State. I selected a study of private railway transportation what play a important role in process of modernization of Japan before 1895. I would like to explore that did the policy, the experience of management and capital of private railway transportation between Meiji Restoration have to exercise influence over the construction of colonial-railway in the early period of Japan colonial Taiwan? Through this article, we could know that Japanese government still manipulated the model of development of domestic railway transportation what was strongly supervised by state to construct Taiwan railway by civil funds. Besides, the policy of “Railway Nationalization”as the ultimately ideal of Japanese government since 1868 was also manipulated for building colonial railway, and We could regard the matter of Taiwan North-south railway was recouped to Taiwan Government-General by Goto Shinpei as the practice of “Railway Nationalization”.

臺灣鐵道會社；縱貫鐵道；民營鐵道；後藤新平

Taiwan railway company；North-south Railway；Private railway, Goto Shinpei