日治時期日人為殖產興業、宣傳政令與增進臺人對日語使用的精熟，曾 在全臺各地創立不少初等教育機構以推行同化與近代化教育政策，在臺灣教 育發展史上可謂具有一定影響力。由於日本對臺統治長達半世紀，現代臺灣 初等教育的雛形亦建構於當時，在1945 年第2 次世界大戰結束後，歷經新 政權的替換，臺灣各地方志在編修該段歷史時，如何描繪所在地曾接受殖民 統治時期的初等教育樣貌，實值得高度關注。 為瞭解戰後臺灣各地志書對日治時期初等教育的描繪，本文以2014 年 底方改制為直轄市的桃園市為研究對象，以其下轄之13 個區（即桃園區、 中壢區、平鎮區、八德區，大溪區、楊梅區、蘆竹區、龜山區、龍潭區、新 屋區、大園區、觀音區與復興區）為例，利用已出版之多種地方志書，整理 其對日治時期初等教育的記述，分析其撰寫內容的差異與筆法，並略抒個人 心得感懷與勘誤，期能瞭解各地志書撰述編修的側重與不足之處，並做為爾 後各地志書在纂修此等課題時之參考。 總體而言，戰後桃園各地志書對於殖民地初等教育的敘述重點，多僅強 調差別待遇的殖民政策與初等教育機構的沿革簡歷，較晚近出版的志書，由 於能獲得較多資料，故有較深入的描述，反之，較早編纂出版的志書則多以 紀事方式呈現，未能看出各初等教育機構的演變過程、後續發展及影響，甚 或學校的課程、教材、經費、活動及師生互動、發展等內容，也幾乎完全付 之闕如。

For developing Taiwan industry, advocating colonial policies, and promoting degrees of using Japanese, Taiwan Government Office found many primary education institutions to implement the policy of assimilation and modernization. As Japan ruled Taiwan for half century, the prototype of the modern education was constructed, after World War II, replacement of the new regime, how Taiwan local chronicles described the primary education during Japanese occupation, it was the spotlight of this paper. In order to realize the contexts written on postwar Taiwan local chronicles, this paper adopted Taoyuan City as sample, analyzed the jurisdiction of thirteen areas (Taoyuan District, Zhongli District, Pingzhen District, Bade District, Daxi District, Yangmei District, Luzhu District, Guishan District, Longtan District, Xinwu Districts, Dayuan District, Guanyin District, and Fuxing District), used a variety of historical texts have been published, organized the statements of primary education during Japanese occupation, and explored the differences among all kinds of chronicles. Furthermore, this paper indicated the mistakes and shortcomings on local chronicles expected to revise in future. In short, postwar Taoyuan chronicles emphasize on different treatment policy and short introduce of elementary schools during the Japanese occupation. Most of local chronicles fail to state the development and influence of the primary education. Less of local chronicles can descript school curriculum, textbooks, activities, and interaction between students and teachers because of using original historical materials.

方志；桃園市；日治時期；初等教育；公學校

Local chronicles；Taoyuan City；Japanese colonial period；primary education；elementary school