中綱常（1842-1903）與臺灣結緣甚早，在牡丹社事件之後，1873年 即被派來臺灣南部勘查地形，1895年日本領臺之初即任澎湖列島行政長官 與臺北縣知事，這時他已官拜海軍少將。他在臺擔任殖民官的時間雖然只 有短短的一兩年（1895-96），卻在他逝世82年之後，靈魂一再附身於屏東 枋寮一位女士身上，經過3年的拉鋸，此女終於成為祂的乩童，可與祂靈通 的代言人，並為祂立廟。此不僅掀起為祂祭祀的熱潮，也掀起一波平民百 姓探索臺日關係史的另類模式。從國家史學的立場，勢必無法詮釋何以臺 灣人要拜日本神，只有從民眾史學的觀點才能詮釋此一案例的信仰行動與 歷史行動，以及其所欲崇揚的神性究竟何在。這是本文在抓乩成神的主題 之外，另外一個想要回答的問題。

Tanaka Tsunatsune (1842-1903) was a Japanese fi gure who had related with Taiwan right after the event of killing Okinawan fi shermen by Paiwan people at Mu-dan Tribe. The fi rst time he came to Taiwan was a kind of spy to investigate the geography of the southern Taiwan in 1873 and 1874. He was then a soldier in army, also attended in the action to intrude Taiwan. Between 1895 and 1896, Tanaka came to Taiwan the second time. He was appointed as a high colonial offi cial to govern Peng-hu Islands, and the Taipei County. He was then a general in Japanese Navy. Out of anyone’s expectation, 82 years after his death, his soul caught up a housewife who had lived at Fong-liao in Ping-tong County. This lady resisted to his call for service for three years, however, she finally became his tong-ki (shaman). Not only had she established a temple and then a branching shrine for the worship of General Tanaka, but also she has become a ritual expert, a female Taoist priest who can serve to all kinds of clients with all kinds of problems. Together with her worship and service to General Tanaka, her eldest son has accompanied with her by a series of efforts to investigate who Tanaka was and how he had related to Taiwan, what kind of deity they have been worshipping. Now the belief and worship of General Tanaka has kept ongoing and growing. If we ask the question why Taiwanese people worship such a figure who was once an intruder and a colonial official, we would never get an answer from the viewpoint of national history. A viewpoint from the folk history is proposed to interpret this series of religious practices and historical acts conducted by folk people in Taiwan. To them, General Tanaka was a great fi gure who was loyal to his country, and his will is to serve to Taiwanese people and to conduct the salvation of the dead souls of Japanese soldiers during the Japanese occupation, and the followers and believers of General Tanaka love to accomplish his will.

田中綱常；抓乩；成神過程；民眾史學；臺日關係

Tanaka Tsunatsune；Tang-ki (shaman)；Spirit Transformation；Folk History；Taiwan-Japan Relatior