「抗日戰爭勝利暨臺灣光復紀念碑」之興建，從郝柏村於 1995 年 7 月 在國民黨中常會提議到完工歷時四年，期間引起社會各界諸多爭端，而雖中 華民國政府迅速成立建碑委員會，且紀念碑設計藍圖在 1996 年 4 月早已出 爐，卻遲至 1999 年 4 月才動工，而最終出現在中山堂廣場地景的碑體卻無 碑文，且李登輝總統未出席紀念碑落成典禮，也未為紀念碑署名。為何戰後 臺灣國民黨政權直到抗戰勝利與臺灣光復五十年之際，才提議在臺興建一座 相關歷史的國家級紀念碑？中山堂廣場為何成為紀念碑興建地點？何以紀念 碑設計藍圖出爐後，再經三年才開始興建呢？完工的紀念碑，為何又「有碑 無文」呢？當時李登輝總統何以未出席紀念碑落成典禮，且未為紀念碑署名 呢？ 本文藉由官方檔案、公報、報紙與相關研究論著之解析，檢視「抗日戰 爭勝利暨臺灣光復紀念碑」興建過程引起的風波，並將之置於戰後臺灣記憶 文化「臺灣化」之宏觀脈絡，探析當時各種族群與黨派對紀念碑興建動機 與名稱、抗戰勝利與臺灣光復的歷史定位和關係、建碑地點空間意涵等認知 差異，從中論證紀念碑陷入難產困境所涉中央和地方政府對抗等記憶政治因 素，並闡釋紀念碑何以儼然戰後臺灣二戰記憶戰爭的物質化再現與文化記憶 媒介。

In 2015, the government of the Republic of China held various events to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the end of the Second World War and the retrocession of Taiwan. But these events only resulted in memory wars among diverse ethnic groups. These included such several controversial issues as the significance of the Second World War, how to commemorate the Second War, whose war experiences were to be remembered as well as whether the recession of Taiwan or the end of the Second War was to be memorialized. However, the memory wars around the Second World War already took place in 1995, the 50th anniversary of the end of the Second World War and the retrocession of Taiwan, when the government of the Republic of China proposed to build the Monument of Victory in the War of Resistance against Japan and the Retrocession of Taiwan. It took four years or so to finish building the Monument. During the process, there arose some serious debates among different ethnic groups in society. Only one month after Pei-Tsun Hau proposed to build the Monument in the Central Standing Committee of KMT on July 5, 1995, the government already set up a construction committee to carry out the building project, and the design of the Monument came out as early as in April of 1996. But it was not until three and a half years later that the Monument was completed in the front square of the Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hall in Taipei. Moreover, the Monument does not bear any inscription to commemorate the two defining moments in the history of the Republic of China and Taiwan. A national monument only brought more memory wars to come. Why did the KMT regime in Taiwan wait so long to propose building a national monument to commemorate the war against with Japan and the retrocession of Taiwan in the 50th anniversary of the end of the World War II? Why has the front square of the Sun Yetsen Memorial Hall been chosen to be the place of installing the Monument? Why did it take almost four years to see the Monument built? Why did the Monument not carry any inscription in its final form? In order to answer these questions, this article aims to explore the process in which the construction project of the Monument was implemented based on a close reading of national archives, official document, newspapers, and previous scholarship. Furthermore, it analyzes such issues as the motivation, naming, and the place around the Monument by locating these issues in the larger context of democratization and the Taiwanization of memory culture in the 1990s. This article argues that we can only understand memory wars from the perspective of the politics of memory making, which was related to the different war experiences of diverse ethnic groups in Taiwan, in the 1990s. Eventually, the Monument itself constitutes the cultural memory medium of the memory wars about war memories in the post-war Taiwan.

抗日戰爭；臺灣光復；紀念碑；記憶政治

War of Resistance against Japan；Retrocession of Taiwan；Monument；Memory Politics