依1945 年元月臺灣總督府〈物價統制令〉,顯示當時臺灣旅館業中,洋式旅館僅臺北鐵道旅館、臺北航空旅館、臺南鐵道旅館三間。本研究據此,首先依序分別論述這三間洋式旅館的建造歷史與旅館特色,接著探討為何臺灣僅此三間洋式旅館。結果發現如下:一、臺灣鐵道旅館係1900 年代配合臺灣縱貫鐵道通車典禮而興建,為臺灣總督府鐵道部委託民間專業經營之獨棟式建築。旅館具有迎賓館之功能,建築和客房設計均為洋式風格。完工時由於建材、設備、多樣性地娛樂複合設施和旅館來客等等緣故,被稱為「東洋第一」。二、臺南鐵道旅館係1930 年代配合南臺灣鐵道修建計畫與南臺灣觀光等業務逐漸發達而興建,為臺灣總督府鐵道部轄下第二間旅館,啟用後由臺北鐵道旅館統籌營運。旅館有洋室客房9 室,設定客層為搭火車的各級旅客,因此裝潢與設備較簡潔素雅。前述兩間旅館均由臺灣總督府鐵道部獨資興建。三、臺北航空旅館係1940 年代配合日本對亞洲南方的發展而興建,以大日本航空株式會社為主要出資人,由臺日兩地官民合資興建。雖名為洋式旅館(ホテル),但25 間客房中有12 間是和室,且服務生為日式的女侍者(女中)。四、透過對臺灣與日本對洋式旅館得知(ホテル)的定義討論,以及旅館管理法「宿屋營業取締規則」等法規層面,由於各相關法令和規定沒有正式定義出作為「洋式旅館(ホテル)」的必要條件,因此使前述三間旅館作為全臺「唯三」洋式旅館的原因,是分類者當下對旅館屬性和級別的認定與區分,而非基於某種正式的法律與規制。
According to the "Price Control Order ( 物價統制令 )" of the Taiwan Governor in January 1945, there were only three western-style hotels in Taiwan at that time. The three western-style hotels were 1. the Taipei Railway Hotel, 2. the Taipei Aviation Hotel, and 3. the Tainan Railway Hotel. Followed the above phenomenon, this paper study the construction and development history and hotel characteristics of the above three hotels, and then discusses why there are only three western-style hotels in Taiwan. As a result, through the analyze on the definition of western-style hotel ( ホテル ) and the hotel management law "Dormitory and Hotels Business regulations ( 宿屋營業取締規 則 )", it shows that the key reasons for making the aforementioned three hotels as the "only three" western-style hotels in Taiwan were not due to the formality laws but the Taiwan Governor’s official will.
(西)洋式旅館(ホテル);旅宿(業);宿屋;鐵道旅館;航空旅館
Western-Style Hotel (Hotel);Lodge (Business);Inn;Railway Hotel;Aviation Hotel