明末崇禎年代，文人結社在文化、政治方面皆有著深遠影響。當時的文 人結社中，「幾社」是最富盛名且最具影響力的團體之一。同時，明末的文社 活動與明清科舉的特殊文體「八股文」息息相關。因此，本文擬以幾社的核 心成員陳子龍為中心，考察幾社八股文的反理學思想及其背景，以及八股文 與時代思潮之關係等問題，以闡明八股文相關活動之意義。本文的研究指出， 幾社八股文活動有兩種意義：第一，幾社藉由八股文而有效率地傳播其反理 學的經世思想。第二，幾社的八股文相關活動對盛行於明末經世思潮的形成 有一定作用。幾社藉由八股文傳播其經世思想，影響到崇禎朝末期考生之思 潮。

The Jishe Society 幾社was one of the most culturally and politically influential literati groups of the late Ming. Chen Zilong 陳子龍 (1608-1647) was a leading member of Jishe and a popular author of eight-legged essays. The eight-legged essay 八股文 was a style of essay required to pass the imperial examinations during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and one which played an important role in the activities of late Ming literary societies. This article examines the ideological content of Jishe’s eight-legged essays by focusing on those written by Chen Zilong, particu-larly his criticisms of Song Neo-Confucianism and the relationship between the eight-legged essay and late Ming thought, in order to clarify the signifi-cance of activities related to this literary form. Jishe’s eight-legged essays were significant in two ways: first, they were an efficient vehicle for disseminating the group’s anti Neo-Confucian thinking on statecraft; second, the eight-legged essays written by members of Jishe influenced the formation of late Ming political thought through the candidates who took the imperial examinations during the Chongzhen 崇禎 period.

幾社;八股文;陳子龍;反理學思想;明末經世思想

Jishe 幾社; eight-legged essay; Chen Zilong 陳子龍; criticism of Neo-Confucianism; late Ming statecraft