本文提出兩項研究問題：一、中美近年南海戰略競爭，是否有 走向軍備競賽的可能？二、中美各自爭取南海軍事優勢，投入軍事資 源，對於該區域安全結構的影響為何，是否改變了某種現狀？此兩項 問題的探究，可使我們理解中國近年強化軍事化部署，企以提升南海 防禦優勢，以及美國拜登政府積極整合軍事聯盟，建構「印太新安全 體系」的驅動因素。透過攻守平衡理論的分析視角，本文以地理、科 技、訊息三項攻守平衡的解釋變項，探索中美南海衝突的本質，並進 行推論的驗證。

This article analyzes two questions: First, has the U.S.-China strategic competition in the South China Sea moved towards an arms race? Second, China and the U.S. are investing in military resources and are striving to achieve military superiority in the South China Sea. What are the impacts on the region’s security structure, and whether the status quo has been changed? This article uses the offense-defense theory to explain the Sino-U.S. conflict in the South China Sea. Through a theoretical perspective, we can understand the driving factors behind China’s intensified militarization of the South China Sea in recent years, as well as the Biden administration’s active integration of the U.S.-led military alliances and the construction of a New Indo-Pacific Security Architecture. Based on these propositions, this article verifies the inference from an offense-defense theoretical perspective

南海軍事化;印太戰略;填海造陸;自由航行行動;攻守平衡

South China Sea Militarization; Indo-Pacific Strategy; Land Reclamation; Freedom of Navigation Operations; Offense-defense Balance