本文從結構性依賴的歷史角度，回顧前歐盟 15 國東擴及維謝格 拉德集團「重返歐洲」迄今的結果。秉持著國際關係的折衷主義觀點 與方法，首先從觀念、權力與制度三個概念，分析前歐盟 15 國東擴 近 20 年的過程與結果；接著，梳理維謝格拉德集團自 2004 年加入歐 盟以來的行動模式，以及其中衍生的整合問題。透過上述的探究，發 現雙方的整合不但凸顯傳統的結構性關係，同時難免存在觀念上認同 的問題。相對而言，維謝格拉德集團回歸歐洲的過程，雖然仍存在對 前歐盟 15 國的不平等結構，但彼此之間也呈現一種既依賴又互賴的 分工，亦即依賴中的互賴關係。依此，本文對於歐盟的國際運作及其 整合問題，提供了更清晰的觀點與認識。

This study reviews the results of the EU’s eastward enlargement and the Visegrád Group’s “return to Europe” from the perspective of historical analysis of structural dependence. Adhering to the eclectic vision and method of international relations, from the three concepts of idea, power and institution, firstly, it analyzes the process and results of the eastward expansion of the original EU-15 countries for nearly 20 years; then, the mode of action of the V4 Group since its accession to the EU in 2004, and the derived ones. Through these, it finds that the integration of the two parties not only highlights the traditional structural relationship, but also inevitably raises the issue of identity. Relatively speaking, in the process of returning V4 countries to Europe, although there is still an unequal dependence on the original EU-15 countries, they also present a complementary and mutually dependent relationship — the relationship of interdependence in dependence. This paper provides a clearer view and understanding of the EU’s international functioning and its integration issues.

歐盟東擴;重返歐洲;前歐盟 15 國;維謝格拉德集團;國 際關係折衷主義

EU Eastward Enlargement; Return to Europe; EU-15; Visegrád Group; Eclecticism in International Relations