本文檢討了宋哲宗朝對西夏的政策，特別關注其自妥協退讓到領土擴張的劇烈轉變。在傳統歷史上，元祐時期被視為兩次長期軍事衝突之間的小休，展現了政治上的保守主義和戰略防禦的重新施行。然而宋夏之間複雜的戰略互動，令宋朝不能只管按著國內利益來界定大戰略內容。本文認為黨派政治不足以充分解釋宋代對西夏政策的轉變。相反，攻略取向其實早已根植於元祐時代政治領袖的現實主義路線。經過一連串勝利，宋人重新評估其整體作戰能力，並制訂出戰略攻勢與戰術防禦的微妙組合。宋軍在攻略天都山的勝利，標誌著持續而連貫的軍事策略，是宋廷經歷劇烈政策變更而仍能獲得成功的關鍵。

This paper examines the Xi Xia policy of the reign of Song Zhe-zong and pays special attention to the radical transformation of preference from accommodation to territorial expansion. In conventional history, the Yuan-you era was known as a short respite between two periods of bloodshed, which saw the revision of political conservatism and reinstatement of defensive strategy. However, the nascent complexity of strategic interaction between Song and Xi Xia prevented Kaifeng from defining its grand strategy simply because of domestic interests This paper argues that factional politics is not sufficient to explain the change of Song China’s Xi Xia policy. Rather, the aggressive preference of Kaifeng was rooted in the realist approach of the political leaders during the Yuan-you period. As a result of a series of victories, the Sung reevaluated its military capacity and capability and formulated a sophisticated combination of strategic initiative and tactical defense. The triumph of the Song Tian-du Mountain campaign suggests the continual and sustainable military efforts a key of success despite the radical change of foreign policy.

宋哲宗；西夏；外交政策；軍事戰略

Song Zhe-zong；Xi Xia；foreign policy；military strategy