近年來日本學界對現代中國無政府主義的研究愈見發展。這有兩個原因：第一個原因是問題意識的轉變，即早期的研究只有從中國革命的角度來探討中國無政府主義，並沒有給與中國無政府主義一個主體性，但隨著時代的演變，新時代的研究者開始注意其主體性。另外一個原因是資料的發掘與整理，隨著改革開放的進展，在中國大陸有關中國無政府主義的資料也被開放出來，而日本學者陸續整理出版了有關中國無政府主義方面的資料。從此日本的中國無政府主義研究便有了更進一步的發展。雖然日本學界的問題意識有所轉變，但日本學界卻一直存在著一些研究特徵，而其中最大且最重要的特徵是關於無政府主義的概念。本文旨在介紹日本學界研究情況的同時，也提出一些批判性觀點，希望有助於中國無政府主義研究的進一步發展。

The study of Chinese anarchism in Japan has made progress in recent times. There are two reasons: first is a change in perception of the study. Scholars of earlier days were interested in the Chinese anarchism only in its connection with the Chinese revolution, so the ‘subject’ of the Chinese anarchism was, in essence, a mere ‘object’. However, as a new generation of scholars began to treat the topic as a subject of its own, and progress made in locating and discovering new materials as a result of increasing liberalization in the Mainland China, scholars in Japan are enabled to write and publish more prolifically, thereby bettered the study of Chinese anarchism in Japan. Although the method to approach the topic has changed over time, there are some problematic characteristics persist in Japanese academia. The most important of which is on the concept about anarchism. This essay aims to introduce the development of the study of Chinese anarchism in Japan and to make critical comments on the published literatures, to enhance the further developments of the study of Chinese anarchism.

無政府主義；中國無政府主義；西方無政府主義；中國革命

anarchism；Chinese anarchism；western anarchism；Chinese revolution