「江湖」是武俠小說人物活動的主要場域，這場域，自成一格，既模擬現實世界，又別闢蹊徑，擁有自足而完整的範疇、規律，與現實世界大相逕庭，基本上是由作者、讀者在某種默契下「虛構」而成的。 虛構的「江湖世界」，其結構以「門派」為主，大抵以佛、道「名山」為主幹，模仿政治版圖而定位，分別部居，而強調各門派間的矛盾與衝突；活躍期中的人物，雖淵源於形形色色的現實人物，但經由「闌入」與「化入」的手法，卻獨立開展與現實迥異的人際關係脈絡。在此脈絡中，法律化為「道德」（正義），道德又化約為簡單的「正邪」對立，「武」是決定依竊是非善惡的最終裁判。 每個作家心目中都有一個自足的江湖世界，依據作家個人的理念，構設互有不同的「江湖」。基本上，可以有三種不同的摹繪方式：1.超離的江湖（完全脫離現實）；2.實寫的江湖（以寫實為基調）；3.隱喻的江湖（以譏刺、反諷現實世界為主）。 無論作家筆下的江湖世界是如何虛構而成的，此一世界都是作家與讀者默喻而成，兩者「相忘於江湖」間，形成武俠小說獨特的魅力。

The paper studies the conventional types of the fictional Jianghu 江湖 world, where the knight-errant stories take place in Chinese Wuxia 武俠 novels. In view of it's being a derivative rahter than real form of society, the Jianghu world differs from the reality in important ways. The understanding of the unique social system of this world is common to both authors and readers. The Jianghu world is made up of a diverse group of Martial Arts Schools in the Wuxia knight-errant novel. These Schools are mostly located in the Buddhist or Taoist retreat springs in mountain areas. Each of them is similar to a political party in the real world and the characters in the novels remind readers of their own encounters with such peronages. Conflicts between Schools orm suspenseful plots, and by weaving together the threads of different plots, they form the story lines. The principle of law was replaced by the principle of righteousness in the Jianghu world, which splits into two groups: the alliance of righteous Xia 俠 knight-errant group and its evil enemies. The righteous wu 武 - the quintessence of martial arts - is the eternal nemestic prosecutor. There are three conventional overlays to the fictional Jianghu world. The first one creates a mythological environment, the second takes place at an actual location where the readers are familiar with, the third one is a satire which is aimed at the real world. It is not difficult to realize that when readers indulge in reading the Wuxia knight-errant novels they are sharing in the same excitement that the authors use to enjoy.

武俠小說、俠客、江湖、武林、門派、隱喻

Wuxia Kinght-errant novel, xia, Jianghu, Wuxia, Martial Arts Schools