婚俗，是一個民族在長期的歷史演變中形成的婚姻模式，它以有規律性的活動約束著人們的婚姻行為與婚姻意識。一個時代的婚姻觀，不僅客觀呈現其民族文化精神，也展示出當時的社會政治、經濟型態、倫理道德、宗教觀念等。尤其是在幅員廣闊的中國，正所謂：「千里不同風，百里不同俗。」每一個朝代、每一個族群都有其獨特的婚姻風俗與特色。這些豐富又完整的婚姻紀錄，大多保存於史料典籍與民間詩歌中，它們不僅是婚俗資料的重要載體，也是傳承婚俗的重要工具。本文試以民俗學的角度，針對北朝婚俗：早婚、老女不嫁、再婚、收繼婚等婚姻現象，逐一考述、分析，盼能藉此深入解讀北朝的婚姻型態，努力探究潛藏在婚姻背後的社會問題。

Marriage custom is an evolution of nuptial practices formed by ethnic groups through time, such custom establishes routine practices confining marriage awareness and behaviors ofmen and women. Common marriage standpoints would present the particular ethnic culture, social and political systems, economy, moral belief, and religion of an era objectively. This is especially accurate in China where a vast territory creates a wide range of local cultures and customs. Each dynasty era and ethnic group has its distinct nuptial custom and characteristic. Much detailed information of marriage is kept abundantly in official historical archives and folk poetry and songs. These records becomes an important conveyor and tool for passing down marriage customs. This research attempts to exterminate and analyze phenomena of marrying young, re-marrying, spinsters, and levirate marriages from a perspective of folk customs. It aims to explain marriage forms in Northern Dynasty, and to further study inherent social issues behind marriages.

北朝、婚姻、歌謠、嫁娶文化

Northern Dynasty, Marriage, folk song, marriage custom