本研究目的旨在探討性格與性別對於領導風格之影響的可能性與否，以及相 似性格之男性教練與女性教練的領導行為模式相異與否。研究方法以問卷調查 法，針對全國大專校院中之運動代表隊教練與隊員為研究對象，採用立意抽樣， 共發放問卷 1,200 份，彙整回收有效問卷 912 份，有效回收率 76%。問卷內容以 領導實務量表及麥布二氏性格類型量表進行施測，所得結果以 x2 檢定、獨立樣本 t 檢定及多樣本變異數差異檢定等進行分析。研究結果發現，性別差異對領導行為 造成了影響，其中女性教練展現更多賦能行為，而男性則展現較多挑戰行為。再 者，無論以教練自評或隊員他評解讀，性別及性格的差異確實影響了教練的領導 行為。本研究結果可供全國大專校院運動代表隊教練作為培養自身領導力的參 考，盼藉由有效及適當的領導行為，而能對於代表隊的表現有所助益。

The purpose of this study was to discover if coaches’ similar personality types exhibit the same kind of leadership behavior irrespective of gender. A survey-based research design was adopted. Purposive sampling was employed, and data collection were conducted from college and university athletic team coaches and athletes in Taiwan. A total 1200 questionnaires comprising leadership practices inventory and Myers-Briggs type indicator were distributed, and 912 valid questionnaires were examined. The response rate was 76%. Independent samples t-test, x2-test and Levene’s test were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that differences in leadership behavior by gender, in that women exhibited more enabling behavior, and men more challenging behavior. Further, gender and personality had an impact on leadership behavior, as viewed both coaches and athletes. This study offers specific knowledge for athletic coaches in college and university seeking themselves as leaders from a practical view point, by implementing effective and appropriate leadership behavior, in order to improve team performance.

轉換型領導;性別;性格;大專校院代表隊

transformational leadership; gender personality; college and university athletic team